Acoustic neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma or neurilemmoma, is a non-cancerous tumour of the vestibulocochlear nerve. This nerve connects the inner ear to the brain and has two sections: one transmits sound, while the other helps send balance information from the inner ear to the brain.
Acoustic neuromas typically grow slowly. Although they do not damage the brain directly, they can exert pressure on it as they grow. Larger tumours can press on nearby cranial nerves that control facial muscles and sensation. If tumours become large enough to press on the brainstem or cerebellum, they can be life-threatening.
Early symptoms of acoustic neuroma are often subtle and may be mistaken for age-related changes, leading to delayed diagnosis. Initial signs include a gradual loss of hearing in one ear accompanied by tinnitus (ringing/buzzing in the ear). Rarely, acoustic neuromas cause sudden and unexplained hearing loss. Other symptoms may include:
Persistent symptoms should prompt clinical consultation.
